Category Comp, Salary & Benefit

PE firms add more jobs than listed peers

Private equity (PE) backed companies were more profitable and successful in creating jobs than their publicly listed peers in China over the past seven years, according to a survey conducted by Bain & Company and the European Union Chamber of Commerce.

The survey compared the performance of 100 companies that received at least $20 million PE funding, excluding real estate and bank investments, with 2,424 publicly listed Chinese companies between 2002 and 2008.

PE firms recorded nearly 100 percent growth in jobs and 56 percent in profits over their bigger peers during the period.

More importantly PE firms have fostered inland province development, boosted domestic consumption, transferred management know-how to businesses under their portfolios and greatly improved corporate governance, the survey said.

“Although private equity is a relatively new phenomenon in China, it is fast gaining ground and scoring over others,” said Michael Thorneman, managing partner, Bain & Company Greater China.

The biggest contribution of private equity has been the creation of better-run companies. Companies with PE shareholders posted annual revenue growth of 25 percent and an average earnings growth of 39 percent, up 3 percentage points and 12 percentage points over the benchmark companies.

The survey also shows that PE investors are showing keen interest in China’s consumer goods and retail industry. While PE investment in China as a whole increased by 58 percent since 2002, investment in the consumer goods and retail industries grew by 77 percent.

PE investments in consumer and retail businesses now rival those in traditionally strong sectors like IT and media.

Retailers backed by PE investors reported sales growth of 47 percent compared with 16 percent for publicly listed retail companies. Consumer goods companies backed by PE investors showed sales growth of 30 percent against 18 percent for listed peers.

“Over 50 percent of the PE firms that participated in the survey felt that consumer products and retail sectors are the most promising sectors, but also felt that the sector would become more competitive in the future,” said Thorneman.

Total employment at private equity-financed firms increased by 16 percent over the survey period compared with 8 percent at publicly listed companies. PE-backed firms also pay significantly higher wages. The gross salary growth rates at PE-backed companies outperformed those of the listed companies by 7 percentage points.

Private equity has also been a strong contributor to the government’s “Go West” policies. The survey found that 42 percent of the investment was directed to companies headquartered in inland provinces.

“China has emerged as one of the leading destinations for PE capital, and PE capital has a more positive image in China than in other western countries,” said Andre Loesekrug-Pietri, chairman of the European Chamber’s PE working group.

Shanghai Salary Raises Slow

Employees in China’s richest city, Shanghai, saw salaries stagnate this year – at least compared with what they have grown used to.

They can’t expect much of a pick-up in 2010 either. Perhaps worse for many Shanghai workers used to ever-upward mobility is that its people will do merely as well as the rest of China.

Human-resources firm Hewitt Associates LLC on Thursday predicted average annual salary increases will be 7% in 2010, about equal to what is expected nationwide.

That won’t necessarily make things comfortable for employers. Hewitt’s Shanghai Compensation and Benefits Study concludes that for employers, it will be back to the challenge of hiring enough good workers: “In order to hire more talent, enterprises have put salary increases on the agenda.”

The study, which included 911 enterprise participants, shows the average annual salary increase in 2009 in Shanghai was 5.2% in the non-manufacturing sector and 5.4% in the manufacturing sector, about half the 11.2% and 10.1% increases seen in those sectors in 2008. The average lagged the national level of a 5.8% increase in salaries in 2009.

“As an international financial metropolis, Shanghai is inevitably influenced by financial crisis,” the firm said.

Rather than layoffs, it found salary freezes in Shanghai this year. The voluntary rate of turnover – job-hopping – slid 3.4 percentage points in 2009 to 13.9%, the firm found.

The employees still commanding good increases this year: pharmaceutical and medical-device firms, up 8.9% and 9.1% respectively.

The market for new job seekers was tougher than ever. The average starting salary for a fresh university graduate was 45,153 yuan ($6,615) this year, while post-graduates could earn 63,732 yuan.

Separately, Standard Chartered Bank economist Stephen Green, in a report Thursday, takes issue with the conclusions reached in China’s effort to track urban private sector wages. He said the National Bureau of Statistics study probably captures only about 42% of the nation’s 450 million workers. Since the ones missed are likely lower-paid migrant workers, the official statistics probably overstate actual wages, said his report.

Mr. Green puts the urban wage at 1,476 yuan a month, compared with the government’s estimate of 2,077 yuan.

Many Guangzhou workers face salary cuts, job losses

Many workers in Guangzhou are facing salary cuts or job losses, as both the private and the public sectors struggle in the midst of the economic crisis.

As many as 40 percent of the State-owned enterprises (SOEs), or government-controlled shareholding companies, have reduced or plan to reduce staff salaries in the prosperous southern metropolis, according to a recent survey conducted by Guangzhou Urban Survey and Research Center.

More than 50 percent of the city’s privately-operated companies have cut jobs in the past months, according to the survey.

But less than 10 percent of the Party and government departments and bureaus have cut staff or reduced salaries.

“Many SOEs have run into difficulties this year because of the worldwide financial crisis,” said a manager from a local SOE yesterday.

Requiring staffs to increase their days off, limiting overtime working hours, reducing salaries and cutting staff have become common measures to fight the financial crisis, said the manager who declined to be named.

“I hoped all the staff can join hands with us to conquer the difficulties,” he added.

More than 83 percent of Cantonese people said their lives have been affected by the financial crisis in the past months, the survey showed.

Only 16 percent of the interviewees said their lives have remained unchanged under the economic slump.

And more than 78 percent of the interviewees are cautiously optimistic about salary increases in 2010.

The survey interviewed 1,016 residents in the city’s downtown districts of Yuexiu, Liwan, Haizhu, Tianhe, Baiyun and Huangpu in September.

Chen Zhaomin, a staffer from a logistics company, said his monthly salary has not been reduced, but all his allowances for travel, telecommunication and entertainment have either been cancelled or sharply reduced.

“And I have not worked any overtime this year, because my boss cannot pay me overtime,” Chen told China Daily yesterday.

Chen estimated his annual income would decrease by about 20 percent this year.

And Wang Cuihong, an accountant from a private firm, said that since the beginning of the year her company has forced staff to take an additional 20 days off every six months.

Also, the staff are usually given only 20 percent of their wages when they are on holidays, Wang said.

Affected by the income reduction, Wang and her family have cut daily living expenses by at least 10 percent this year, she said.

Salary Of Largest Bank CEO: $234,700

Jiang Jianqing is head of Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, the world’s largest bank by market capitalization. His 2008 earned compensation totaled $234,700.

On the other hand, there’s the pay of CEOs in the US that needed billions in bailout funds from the US government to stay afloat after taking reckless and over-leveraged bets. The largest US bank CEOs earned in 2008: JP Morgan – $19.6 million, Bank of America – $9.9 million, Wells Fargo – $13.7 million and Citigroup – $10.8 million.

This is the ultimate in heads I win, tails you lose. Long have we justified higher CEO in America pay because of their outperformance compared with banking institutions around the world. Yet, to operate in a capitalist system, executives cannot be able to realize such compensation when their bets go sour.

Reining in exec pay neither wise nor necessary: Analyst

HONG KONG: Listed companies may lose their talented senior executives amid the economic recovery if the shareholders apply too much pressure on companies to rein in management salaries during the recession, a global human resource expert warned.

Rows over executive salaries and bonuses have intensified, as the global financial crisis wiped out significant share value on the Hong Kong stock exchange.

Minority shareholders in Hong Kong have urged senior management teams to give up their multi-million-dollar salaries and bonuses, as a token of regret for their failure to make their companies profitable.

Don Linder, practice leadership manager of global human resources organization WorldatWork, told China Daily in an exclusive interview that it is not desirable to try to cut executives’ salaries and bonuses in order to comfort the minority shareholders who have seen their investment capital shrink amid the global financial turmoil.

He said that the annual bonuses for senior executives usually consist of stock options and restricted shares. The executive bonuses, therefore, align with the share performance and the success of the listed companies.

As for the salaries being undeserved, he suggested that they are automatically adjusted down as well as up, as the company’s performance and fortunes change. “When the company isn’t doing well or the economy isn’t doing well, the executives get paid much less, just like the shareholders,” Linder said, “The executives will automatically get a pay cut, if the share price falls.”

Even though the senior management may have been paid less in bonuses amid the financial crisis, some chief executive officers in the US have taken bold steps forward to make their shareholders feel better.

Earlier in February, chief executive officer of Citigroup Vikram Pandit announced he would take a salary of only $1 and no bonus until the New York-based bank, which has received $45 billion bailout money from the US government, returns to profitability.

Although Citigroup is still dripping red, Pandit’s determination has gained him praise and recognition in the market.

Commenting on the one-dollar executive salary, WorldatWork’s Linder said the senior executives usually get very large long-term incentive packages, to offset the salary they have given up.

“It is public relations to a degree,” he said, “I think it makes shareholders feel better…”

China’s SOEs’ executives’ salaries to be regulated

China announced Wednesday a guideline to regulate salaries for executives in the country’s 135 centrally-administered state-owned enterprises (SOEs).

The document was jointly issued by six administrative departments of China’s central government, including the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, Ministry of Finance, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, and National Audit Office (NAO).

The document set guidelines in salary structure and payment, position-related consumption, and supervision and management, in a bid to establish and perfect incentive and restraint mechanisms regulating SOE executives’ salaries.

The annual salaries structure for SOE executives is composed of basic salary, pay-for-performance, and incentive earnings in the mid and long term, according to the guideline.

It stipulates pay-for-performance of executives should be based on the enterprises’ business performance.

The annual salaries of executives should be in line with those for employees in the previous year, in a bid to narrow disparity between executives’ and employees’, the guideline said.

Departments, including the NAO and the Ministry of Supervision, will be required to monitor the implementation of the regulations, and to undertake punitive measures in the event of irregularity.

Spending power rises on low inflation

Employees at international firms on China’s mainland enjoyed more disposable income this year than last year due to a drop in inflation, according to a report released yesterday by Hay Group, a global consulting firm.

Though the average salary increase over the past 12 months from August 2008 was 5.3 percent, which is much lower than the 10.2 percent rise last year and 9.1 percent in 2007, the real wage inflation this year is 5.9 percent, even slightly higher than that before the financial crisis because of the high consumer prices in the past two years.

Real wage inflation is the average base salary movement minus Consumer Price Index, the main gauge of inflation.

“Many employees may complain they haven’t got salary increase since last year. In fact they have already enjoyed a rise in disposable income, even higher than last year, due to the lower CPI,” said Henry Sheng, a Hay executive.

Zhu Qingyang, an official of Shanghai Human Resource Agency Association, said: “It is difficult to foresee an optimistic future in the salary increase because of the current uncertain economic environment. We should wait and see.”

13th month salary not to draw full tax

CHINA has dropped the practice of levying full income tax on the 13th month salary, or double pay, as it wants to ensure the tax is fair, said the State Administration of Taxation yesterday.

Before the move, the 13th month pay was subject to full income tax, without deduction.

For instance, social welfare, health and public housing fund and the 2,000 yuan individual income tax threshold can be deducted from a regular monthly salary of 10,000 yuan (US$1,464) before income tax is levied. However, the full income tax was fully levied on the 13th month pay of 10,000 yuan.

The SAT was not available for immediate comment.

As the SAT doesn’t usually give a clarification on a new practice, an unnamed tax industry expert with one of the big four accounting firms said there are two possibilities.

One possibility is that the 13th month pay can be deemed as a one-off whole-year bonus, which enjoys a low tax burden.

The pay is divided by 12 months and then taxed. For instance, the taxable income is 833.33 yuan (10,000/12) in the method based on 10,000 yuan monthly salary.

The other option comes with a stricter tax. The 13th month salary can be combined with the December salary for taxation. It means a higher tax with pay being doubled.

“It really depends on the explanation from the local tax man on the practice,” said the source. “In practice, both methods can be applied.”

Meanwhile, SAT also makes it clear that Chinese studying or working overseas can’t be regarded as overseas Chinese to enjoy a bigger tax deduction.

People who obtain property rights in a divorce are exempted from income tax. But if they sell the property later they have to pay income tax on the transaction.

China to release document regulating SOE executive salaries

A Chinese official says the government is writing up a document to more effectively regulate State-owned enterprises (SOEs) as well as executives’ salaries.

Hu Xiaoyi, Vice Minister of Human Resources and Social Security said the document would be released in the near future during an Aug. 4 press conference held by the State Council Information Office.

Hu said two steps would be taken to regulate SOE executives’ salaries. The government will firstly regulate the salaries of SOE executives in central enterprises and then instruct local governments on setting the salaries of those executives running local companies.?

“Five principles are used to formulate this document,” Hu explained. “We should combine market regulation with government supervision; strike a balance between short-term and long-term financial incentives for their achievements; improve salary regulations; provide insurance for employees; and coordinate salary increases for executives of SOEs and for employees.”

Shenzhen lowers job pay scales

The government in Shenzhen has lowered the income benchmarks for the first time since 1999 to soften the impact of the financial crisis on local companies.

The municipal labor authority issues the income benchmarks annually to serve as a reference for 566 types of jobs in the city.

The highest-level and medium-level benchmarks stand at 23,700 yuan ($3,470) and 2,460 yuan per month, respectively, decreasing by 8.5 percent and 3.9 percent each from last year.

However, the low-level income benchmark gained a 7 percent year-on-year rise this year to 1,102 yuan per month, which labor officials said should be attributed to the government’s measures to protect low-income laborers.

“Our payment adjustment policy is to control the high-income group, expand the medium-income group and protect the low-income group. It’s a way to narrow down the income gaps,” said Wu Liyong, director of the income division of Shenzhen Labor and Social Securities Department.

Workers are encouraged to use the benchmark when negotiating their wage with employers.

Last year, the official surveys showed that the lowest-level salaries on average were 25 times less than the highest salaries. This year, surveys showed that gap has narrowed to 21.5.

The authority also recorded the biggest income gap in the financial industry, including security houses, insurance companies and banks, where the highest-paid person could be earning 80 times what the lowest-paid person earns.

Several residents polled by China Daily yesterday in different industries expressed their concerns about salaries shrinking this year.
“Possible pay raise this year? Are you kidding? I would feel relief if no pay cut occurs,” said Lin Zhen, an accountant working for a leading computer manufacturer.

Liu Yue, a manager at a State-owned bank, said some of her benefits have been greatly cut since early this year, including money for travel and major public holidays.

“Our salaries have been increased over the past few years given the relatively low level in the industry, but I still feel the total wage was reduced this year. I learned that the salary cut was even bigger in banks that have offered top payment in the industry,” Liu told China Daily.

Piao Ye, a human resources manager at a beauty salon, said the income for the entry-level workers has not been increased as much as the government indicates.

“The company provides dormitories to them and they could get 1,000 to 1,500 yuan a month, which could just maintain a very simple life in the city with high consumption index,” she said.

Officials at the labor authority said they are not making plans to further increase the minimum level this year.